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Major investment plans in transportation, road networks, and urban development no longer depend exclusively on regulatory frameworks or political will. They increasingly depend on the structurers who translate public policy into executable projects. In Antioquia, Tomás Elejalde's leadership at the helm of the Medellín Metro establishes a model of a public enterprise with a vocation for comprehensive urban development. In Peru, figures such as Paola Lazarte and Verónica Zambrano are driving a public-private partnership (PPP) ecosystem that aspires to close historical connectivity gaps. In Mexico, the expansion of Tania Carro Toledo's competencies as head of the Undersecretariat of Communications and Transportation confirms a regional trend: the consolidation of structuring functions in the hands of technical leaders with execution capacity.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>This article analyzes the models these four profiles represent and the strategic implications for private capital, contractors, and operators seeking to position themselves in the next cycle of concessions and infrastructure projects in Latin America.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>What structuring model does Tomás Elejalde represent from the Medellín Metro?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Tomás Elejalde leads one of the most significant public transportation companies in Latin America. The Medellín Metro carries 310 million passengers per year, according to pre-pandemic figures reported by Cosmovision, and constitutes the backbone of mobility in the Aburrá Valley. But Elejalde's role transcends the operation of the mass transit system. His management articulates an urban development vision that integrates mobility infrastructure with land transformation.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>The development plan Elejalde is driving envisions a shopping center and 40 real estate projects around the transportation system, with a horizon toward 2050, according to statements by Elejalde himself as reported by Cosmovision. This land value capture strategy transforms the Medellín Metro into more than a transportation operator: it positions it as a city structurer.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>The Antioquia model presents, however, significant financial tensions. The national government owes the Medellín Metro more than $400 billion pesos for the Metro de la 80 project, according to the same source. This debt reflects a structural challenge: public enterprises leading the structuring of transformative projects depend on intergovernmental transfers that do not always arrive on the required timelines. Elejalde's ability to manage that fiscal relationship with the central government will largely determine the viability of Medellín's ambitious infrastructure pipeline.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Antioquia's contractor ecosystem is closely watching these dynamics. The Tren del Río and Metro de la 80 projects represent participation opportunities for local and international engineering and construction firms, but uncertainty over public financing flows introduces a risk factor that private investors must carefully weigh.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Elejalde's leadership demonstrates that public transportation companies can function as platforms for comprehensive urban development, provided they resolve the financing equation with national governments.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>How does the Peruvian structuring model led by Paola Lazarte and Verónica Zambrano operate?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>The Peruvian infrastructure model rests on an institutional framework different from Antioquia's. ProInversión, the private investment promotion agency, serves as the central structurer, while Ositrán oversees transportation infrastructure concessions. Two key figures connect both institutional spaces with the market: Paola Lazarte and Verónica Zambrano.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>During her tenure leading the Ministry of Transportation and Communications, Paola Lazarte drove a project portfolio through ProInversión worth nearly US$4 billion, which included the Anillo Vial Periférico and the Longitudinal de la Sierra Tramo 4, according to information published by El Peruano in May 2023. This volume of projects positioned Lazarte as one of the most influential structurers in Peru's recent PPP cycle.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Lazarte's trajectory after leaving the ministry confirms her role as a sectoral reference. At PROINVEST 2024, 64 investment initiatives were presented under the Asset-Based Projects modality with high social impact, benefiting six regions of the country, according to information from Lazarte Consulting. This modality of projects linked to existing assets represents an evolution of the Peruvian PPP model, which seeks to attract private capital for the operation and maintenance of already-built infrastructure, complementing the awarding of new construction.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Peru is shifting from a model centered on building new infrastructure toward one that also prioritizes the conservation and efficient operation of existing assets through PPPs.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>This trend deepens with the prospect of ProInversión awarding a conservation package covering 5,000 kilometers of highways to convert them into operation and maintenance PPPs, according to information from Revista Internacional Construir y Gestión, with a timeline from 2026 onward. For international road operators, this pipeline represents an entry opportunity into the Peruvian market without the complexity of greenfield construction.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Verónica Zambrano completes the institutional triangle from the regulatory side. Appointed as chair of the Ositrán Board of Directors through Supreme Resolution No. 060-2023-PCM, Zambrano leads the supervisory body that monitors compliance with transportation infrastructure concession contracts. Her five-year term, extending through 2027, provides regulatory continuity in a historically volatile Peruvian political context.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>The combination of a structurer with ministerial experience like Lazarte and a regulator with a stable mandate like Zambrano creates a more predictable institutional environment for private investors. GRI Institute participants evaluating opportunities in the Peruvian market find in these profiles concrete reference points for understanding the sector's decision-making architecture.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>What does the expansion of Tania Carro Toledo's competencies signal for infrastructure in Mexico?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>The Mexican case adds a third dimension to the regional analysis. The administrative agreement published in the Diario Oficial de la Federación on May 8, 2025, delegated new powers to the Undersecretariat of Communications and Transportation, led by Tania Carro Toledo. The new competencies cover urban infrastructure, public transportation, and solid waste management, derived from reforms to the Organic Law of Federal Public Administration in November 2024.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>This expansion of functions is significant because it consolidates within a single undersecretariat capabilities that were previously dispersed across different agencies. For the private infrastructure sector, the concentration of competencies around Carro Toledo simplifies institutional dialogue and potentially accelerates the structuring processes for urban projects.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>The Latin American trend points toward consolidating structuring functions under technical leaders capable of integrating transportation, urban development, and sustainability into a single agenda.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>The presence of women in strategic infrastructure structuring and regulatory positions in the Andean region and Mexico is a distinctive feature of the current cycle. Lazarte, Zambrano, and Carro Toledo occupy spaces historically dominated by male profiles, and they do so in roles with direct influence over investment portfolios worth billions of dollars.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>Two models, one shared need for private capital\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>The contrast between Antioquia and Peru reveals two complementary approaches to infrastructure structuring. In Medellín, the public enterprise acts as a direct structurer, integrating transportation and real estate development under a single institutional umbrella. In Lima, the state structures through specialized agencies like ProInversión and regulates through Ositrán, delegating execution and operation to the private sector through PPPs.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Both models share a fundamental need: private capital willing to commit to long investment horizons in institutional contexts that are still maturing. The contractors, operators, and infrastructure funds participating in GRI Institute events and analyses recognize that understanding the profiles of individual structurers is as important as analyzing regulatory frameworks. Investment decisions in Latin American infrastructure are ultimately made at the intersection of public policy, technical capacity, and institutional relationships.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>The next infrastructure cycle in the Andean region and Colombia will be shaped by these leaders' ability to close the gap between announced project portfolios and effective execution. For Elejalde, the challenge is financial: resolving the national government's debt to the Medellín Metro and advancing the urban development plan. For Lazarte and Zambrano, the challenge is institutional: maintaining the credibility of the Peruvian PPP model in a shifting political environment. For Carro Toledo, the test will be operational: demonstrating that the concentration of competencies translates into structured and awarded projects.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>The GRI Institute will continue monitoring the evolution of these structuring models through its sectoral events and analytical publications, providing its members with direct access to the actors defining the rules of the game in Latin American infrastructure.\u003C\u002Fp>","The article analyzes how four technical leaders are defining the new infrastructure cycle in Latin America. Tomás Elejalde is transforming the Medellín Metro into an urban structurer; Paola Lazarte and Verónica Zambrano strengthen Peru's PPP ecosystem through structuring and regulation; and Tania Carro Toledo consolidates transportation and urban development competencies in Mexico. Both models—an integrating public enterprise in Antioquia and specialized agencies in Peru—require long-term private capital. The cycle's success will depend on resolving financial, institutional, and operational challenges specific to each context.","\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>The Medellín Metro, under Tomás Elejalde, serves as a comprehensive urban development platform with 40 real estate projects and a 2050 horizon, but faces a national debt exceeding $400 billion pesos.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Peru is shifting toward operation and maintenance PPPs for existing assets, with a projected 5,000 km highway package from 2026.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Paola Lazarte drove a PPP portfolio of nearly US$4 billion from Peru's MTC.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Consolidation of functions under Tania Carro Toledo's Undersecretariat in Mexico simplifies engagement for the private sector.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Women lead strategic structuring and regulatory positions across the Andean region and Mexico.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n","Elejalde, Lazarte and the Andean infrastructure cycle","tomas elejalde, paola lazarte, tania carro toledo, veronica zambrano, latin america infrastructure, peru PPPs, medellin metro, proinversion","Strategic analysis of the structurers defining infrastructure in Antioquia and Peru: Tomás Elejalde, Paola Lazarte, Verónica Zambrano, and Tania Carro Toledo. PPP models, public enterprises, and sectoral leadership in Latin America.","https:\u002F\u002Fcdn.griinstitute.org\u002Fuploads\u002Fhubnews\u002Festructuradores-infraestructura-antioquia-peru-elejalde-lazarte-zambrano-seo.jpg",{"code":13},{"id":1470,"newsId":1447,"languageId":25,"title":1471,"subtitle":1472,"content":1473,"summary":1474,"takeaways":1475,"seoTagConversionId":8,"seoTag":8,"seoTitle":1476,"seoKeywords":1477,"seoDescription":1478,"seoAbstract":8,"seoImage":1467,"createdAt":1455,"updatedAt":8,"language":1479},3499,"Os estruturadores que definem o novo ciclo de infraestrutura em Antioquia e no Peru","Tomás Elejalde, Paola Lazarte, Verónica Zambrano e Tania Carro Toledo representam modelos distintos de liderança que moldam o investimento na região andina e no","\u003Ch2>Um ciclo liderado por perfis concretos\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>A infraestrutura latino-americana atravessa uma fase de redefinição institucional. Os grandes planos de investimento em transporte, sistema viário e desenvolvimento urbano já não dependem exclusivamente de marcos normativos ou vontade política. Dependem, cada vez mais, dos estruturadores que traduzem a política pública em projetos executáveis. Em Antioquia, a liderança de Tomás Elejalde à frente do Metrô de Medellín configura um modelo de empresa pública com vocação de desenvolvimento urbano integral. No Peru, figuras como Paola Lazarte e Verónica Zambrano impulsionam um ecossistema de parcerias público-privadas (PPPs) que aspira a fechar lacunas históricas de conectividade. No México, a ampliação de competências de Tania Carro Toledo à frente da Subsecretaria de Comunicações e Transportes confirma uma tendência regional: a consolidação de funções estruturadoras nas mãos de lideranças técnicas com capacidade de execução.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Este artigo analisa os modelos que esses quatro perfis representam e as implicações estratégicas para o capital privado, os empreiteiros e os operadores que buscam se posicionar no próximo ciclo de concessões e projetos de infraestrutura na América Latina.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>Que modelo de estruturação Tomás Elejalde representa a partir do Metrô de Medellín?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Tomás Elejalde dirige uma das empresas públicas de transporte mais relevantes da América Latina. O Metrô de Medellín transporta 310 milhões de passageiros por ano, segundo dados pré-pandemia reportados pela Cosmovision, e constitui a espinha dorsal da mobilidade no Vale de Aburrá. Mas o papel de Elejalde transcende a operação do sistema de transporte de massa. Sua gestão articula uma visão de desenvolvimento urbano que integra infraestrutura de mobilidade com transformação do uso do solo.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>O plano de desenvolvimento que Elejalde impulsiona contempla um centro comercial e 40 projetos imobiliários ao redor do sistema de transporte, com horizonte até 2050, de acordo com declarações do próprio Elejalde recolhidas pela Cosmovision. Essa estratégia de captura de valor do solo transforma o Metrô de Medellín em algo mais do que um operador de transporte: posiciona-o como um estruturador de cidade.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>O modelo de Antioquia apresenta, no entanto, tensões financeiras relevantes. A União deve ao Metrô de Medellín mais de $400.000 milhões de pesos para o projeto Metrô da 80, segundo a mesma fonte. Essa dívida reflete um desafio estrutural: as empresas públicas que lideram a estruturação de projetos transformadores dependem de transferências intergovernamentais que nem sempre chegam nos prazos necessários. A capacidade de Elejalde para gerenciar essa relação fiscal com o governo central determinará, em grande medida, a viabilidade do ambicioso pipeline de infraestrutura de Medellín.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>O ecossistema de empreiteiros de Antioquia observa com atenção essas dinâmicas. Os projetos do Trem do Rio e do Metrô da 80 representam oportunidades de participação para firmas de engenharia e construção locais e internacionais, mas a incerteza sobre os fluxos de financiamento público introduz um fator de risco que os investidores privados devem ponderar cuidadosamente.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>A liderança de Elejalde demonstra que as empresas públicas de transporte podem funcionar como plataformas de desenvolvimento urbano integral, desde que resolvam a equação de financiamento com os governos nacionais.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>Como opera o modelo peruano de estruturação liderado por Paola Lazarte e Verónica Zambrano?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>O modelo peruano de infraestrutura repousa sobre uma arquitetura institucional diferente da de Antioquia. A ProInversión, agência de promoção do investimento privado, cumpre o papel de estruturador central, enquanto a Ositrán supervisiona as concessões de infraestrutura de transporte. Duas figuras-chave conectam ambos os espaços institucionais com o mercado: Paola Lazarte e Verónica Zambrano.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Durante sua gestão à frente do Ministério de Transportes e Comunicações, Paola Lazarte impulsionou uma carteira de projetos por meio da ProInversión de quase US$ 4 bilhões, que incluía o Anel Viário Periférico e a Longitudinal de la Sierra Tramo 4, segundo informações publicadas pelo El Peruano em maio de 2023. Esse volume de projetos posicionou Lazarte como uma das estruturadoras mais influentes do ciclo recente de PPPs no Peru.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>A trajetória de Lazarte posterior ao ministério confirma seu papel como referência setorial. No PROINVEST 2024 foram apresentadas 64 iniciativas de investimento na modalidade de Projetos em Ativos com alto impacto social, beneficiando seis regiões do país, segundo informações da Lazarte Consulting. Essa modalidade de projetos vinculados a ativos existentes representa uma evolução do modelo peruano de PPPs, que busca atrair capital privado para a operação e manutenção de infraestrutura já construída, complementando a adjudicação de obra nova.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>O Peru está migrando de um modelo centrado na construção de nova infraestrutura para um que também prioriza a conservação e operação eficiente de ativos existentes por meio de PPPs.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Essa tendência se aprofunda com a perspectiva de que a ProInversión adjudique um pacote de conservação de 5.000 quilômetros de rodovias para convertê-las em PPPs de operação e manutenção, de acordo com informações da Revista Internacional Construir y Gestión, com horizonte de 2026 em diante. Para os operadores rodoviários internacionais, esse pipeline representa uma oportunidade de entrada no mercado peruano sem a complexidade da construção greenfield.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Verónica Zambrano completa o triângulo institucional a partir da regulação. Designada como presidenta do Conselho Diretivo da Ositrán mediante a Resolução Suprema Nº 060-2023-PCM, Zambrano lidera o órgão supervisor que fiscaliza o cumprimento dos contratos de concessão em infraestrutura de transporte. Seu mandato de cinco anos, que se estende até 2027, proporciona continuidade regulatória em um contexto político peruano historicamente volátil.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>A combinação de uma estruturadora com experiência ministerial como Lazarte e uma reguladora com mandato estável como Zambrano gera um ambiente institucional mais previsível para os investidores privados. Os participantes do GRI Institute que avaliam oportunidades no mercado peruano encontram nesses perfis pontos de referência concretos para compreender a arquitetura de tomada de decisões do setor.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>O que sinaliza a ampliação de competências de Tania Carro Toledo para a infraestrutura no México?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>O caso mexicano traz uma terceira dimensão à análise regional. O Acordo administrativo publicado no Diário Oficial da Federação em 8 de maio de 2025 delegou novas atribuições à Subsecretaria de Comunicações e Transportes, liderada por Tania Carro Toledo. As novas competências abrangem infraestrutura urbana, transporte público e manejo de resíduos sólidos, derivadas das reformas à Lei Orgânica da Administração Pública Federal de novembro de 2024.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Essa ampliação de funções é significativa porque consolida em uma única subsecretaria capacidades que antes estavam dispersas em diferentes dependências. Para o setor privado de infraestrutura, a concentração de competências em torno de Carro Toledo simplifica a interlocução institucional e potencialmente acelera os processos de estruturação de projetos urbanos.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>A tendência latino-americana aponta para a consolidação de funções estruturadoras em lideranças técnicas com capacidade de articular transporte, desenvolvimento urbano e sustentabilidade em uma mesma agenda.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>A presença de mulheres em posições estratégicas de estruturação e regulação de infraestrutura na região andina e no México constitui um traço distintivo do ciclo atual. Lazarte, Zambrano e Carro Toledo ocupam espaços que historicamente foram dominados por perfis masculinos, e o fazem em papéis com incidência direta sobre carteiras de investimento de bilhões de dólares.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>Dois modelos, uma mesma necessidade de capital privado\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>O contraste entre Antioquia e Peru revela duas abordagens complementares à estruturação de infraestrutura. Em Medellín, a empresa pública atua como estruturadora direta, integrando transporte e desenvolvimento imobiliário sob um mesmo guarda-chuva institucional. Em Lima, o Estado estrutura por meio de agências especializadas como a ProInversión e regula por meio da Ositrán, delegando a execução e operação ao setor privado mediante PPPs.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Ambos os modelos compartilham uma necessidade fundamental: capital privado disposto a assumir horizontes de investimento longos em contextos institucionais que ainda amadurecem. Os empreiteiros, operadores e fundos de infraestrutura que participam dos encontros e análises do GRI Institute reconhecem que compreender os perfis dos estruturadores individuais é tão importante quanto analisar os marcos regulatórios. As decisões de investimento em infraestrutura latino-americana são tomadas, em última instância, na interseção entre política pública, capacidade técnica e relações institucionais.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>O próximo ciclo de infraestrutura na região andina e na Colômbia será marcado pela capacidade dessas lideranças de fechar a lacuna entre as carteiras de projetos anunciadas e a execução efetiva. Para Elejalde, o desafio é financeiro: resolver a dívida da União com o Metrô de Medellín e avançar com o plano de desenvolvimento urbano. Para Lazarte e Zambrano, o desafio é institucional: manter a credibilidade do modelo peruano de PPPs em um ambiente político instável. Para Carro Toledo, a prova será operacional: demonstrar que a concentração de competências se traduz em projetos estruturados e adjudicados.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>O GRI Institute continuará monitorando a evolução desses modelos de estruturação por meio de seus encontros setoriais e publicações de análise, proporcionando a seus membros acesso direto aos atores que definem as regras do jogo na infraestrutura latino-americana.\u003C\u002Fp>","O artigo analisa como quatro líderes técnicos definem o novo ciclo de infraestrutura na América Latina. Tomás Elejalde transforma o Metrô de Medellín em estruturador urbano; Paola Lazarte e Verónica Zambrano fortalecem o ecossistema peruano de PPPs; e Tania Carro Toledo concentra competências de transporte e desenvolvimento urbano no México. Ambos os modelos — empresa pública integradora em Antioquia e agências especializadas no Peru — requerem capital privado de longo prazo. O sucesso do ciclo dependerá de resolver desafios financeiros, institucionais e operacionais específicos de cada contexto.","\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>O Metrô de Medellín, sob Tomás Elejalde, funciona como plataforma de desenvolvimento urbano integral com 40 projetos imobiliários e horizonte até 2050, mas enfrenta uma dívida nacional de mais de $400.000 milhões de pesos.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>O Peru migra para PPPs de operação e manutenção de ativos existentes, com um pacote projetado de 5.000 km de rodovias a partir de 2026.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Paola Lazarte impulsionou uma carteira de PPPs de quase US$ 4 bilhões a partir do MTC peruano.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>A consolidação de funções na Subsecretaria de Tania Carro Toledo no México simplifica a interlocução para o setor privado.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Mulheres lideram posições estratégicas de estruturação e regulação na região andina e no México.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n","Elejalde, Lazarte e o ciclo de infraestrutura andino","tomas elejalde, paola lazarte, tania carro toledo, veronica zambrano, infraestrutura america latina, PPPs peru, metro de medellin, proinversion","Análise estratégica dos estruturadores que definem a infraestrutura em Antioquia e no Peru: Tomás Elejalde, Paola Lazarte, Verónica Zambrano e Tania Carro Toledo. Modelos de PPPs, empresas públicas e liderança setorial na América Latina.",{"code":18},{"id":1481,"newsId":1447,"languageId":5,"title":1450,"subtitle":1482,"content":1483,"summary":1484,"takeaways":1485,"seoTagConversionId":8,"seoTag":8,"seoTitle":1486,"seoKeywords":1487,"seoDescription":1488,"seoAbstract":8,"seoImage":1467,"createdAt":1455,"updatedAt":8,"language":1489},3500,"Tomás Elejalde, Paola Lazarte, Verónica Zambrano y Tania Carro Toledo representan modelos distintos de liderazgo que moldean la inversión en la región andina y ","\u003Ch2>Un ciclo liderado por perfiles concretos\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>La infraestructura latinoamericana atraviesa una fase de redefinición institucional. Los grandes planes de inversión en transporte, vialidad y desarrollo urbano ya no dependen exclusivamente de marcos normativos o voluntad política. Dependen, cada vez más, de los estructuradores que traducen la política pública en proyectos ejecutables. En Antioquia, el liderazgo de Tomás Elejalde al frente del Metro de Medellín configura un modelo de empresa pública con vocación de desarrollo urbano integral. En Perú, figuras como Paola Lazarte y Verónica Zambrano impulsan un ecosistema de asociaciones público-privadas (APP) que aspira a cerrar brechas históricas de conectividad. En México, la ampliación de competencias de Tania Carro Toledo al frente de la Subsecretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes confirma una tendencia regional: la consolidación de funciones estructuradoras en manos de liderazgos técnicos con capacidad de ejecución.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Este artículo analiza los modelos que representan estos cuatro perfiles y las implicaciones estratégicas para el capital privado, los contratistas y los operadores que buscan posicionarse en el próximo ciclo de concesiones y proyectos de infraestructura en América Latina.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>¿Qué modelo de estructuración representa Tomás Elejalde desde el Metro de Medellín?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>Tomás Elejalde dirige una de las empresas públicas de transporte más relevantes de América Latina. El Metro de Medellín mueve 310 millones de pasajeros al año, según cifras prepandemia reportadas por Cosmovision, y constituye la columna vertebral de la movilidad en el Valle de Aburrá. Pero el rol de Elejalde trasciende la operación del sistema de transporte masivo. Su gestión articula una visión de desarrollo urbano que integra infraestructura de movilidad con transformación del suelo.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>El plan de desarrollo que impulsa Elejalde contempla un centro comercial y 40 proyectos inmobiliarios alrededor del sistema de transporte, con un horizonte hacia 2050, de acuerdo con declaraciones del propio Elejalde recogidas por Cosmovision. Esta estrategia de captura de valor del suelo convierte al Metro de Medellín en algo más que un operador de transporte: lo posiciona como un estructurador de ciudad.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>El modelo de Antioquia presenta, sin embargo, tensiones financieras relevantes. La Nación le adeuda al Metro de Medellín más de $400.000 millones de pesos para el proyecto Metro de la 80, según la misma fuente. Esta deuda refleja un desafío estructural: las empresas públicas que lideran la estructuración de proyectos transformadores dependen de transferencias intergubernamentales que no siempre llegan en los plazos requeridos. La capacidad de Elejalde para gestionar esa relación fiscal con el gobierno central determinará, en buena medida, la viabilidad del ambicioso pipeline de infraestructura de Medellín.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>El ecosistema de contratistas de Antioquia observa con atención estas dinámicas. Los proyectos del Tren del Río y el Metro de la 80 representan oportunidades de participación para firmas de ingeniería y construcción locales e internacionales, pero la incertidumbre sobre los flujos de financiamiento público introduce un factor de riesgo que los inversionistas privados deben ponderar cuidadosamente.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>El liderazgo de Elejalde demuestra que las empresas públicas de transporte pueden funcionar como plataformas de desarrollo urbano integral, siempre que resuelvan la ecuación de financiamiento con los gobiernos nacionales.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>¿Cómo opera el modelo peruano de estructuración liderado por Paola Lazarte y Verónica Zambrano?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>El modelo peruano de infraestructura descansa sobre un andamiaje institucional diferente al de Antioquia. ProInversión, la agencia de promoción de la inversión privada, cumple el rol de estructurador central, mientras que Ositrán supervisa las concesiones de infraestructura de transporte. Dos figuras clave conectan ambos espacios institucionales con el mercado: Paola Lazarte y Verónica Zambrano.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Durante su gestión al frente del Ministerio de Transportes y Comunicaciones, Paola Lazarte impulsó una cartera de proyectos mediante ProInversión por casi US$ 4.000 millones, que incluía el Anillo Vial Periférico y la Longitudinal de la Sierra Tramo 4, según información publicada por El Peruano en mayo de 2023. Este volumen de proyectos posicionó a Lazarte como una de las estructuradoras más influyentes del ciclo reciente de APP en Perú.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>La trayectoria de Lazarte posterior al ministerio confirma su rol como referente sectorial. En PROINVEST 2024 se presentaron 64 iniciativas de inversión bajo la modalidad de Proyectos en Activos con alto impacto social, beneficiando a seis regiones del país, según información de Lazarte Consulting. Esta modalidad de proyectos vinculados a activos existentes representa una evolución del modelo peruano de APP, que busca atraer capital privado para la operación y mantenimiento de infraestructura ya construida, complementando la adjudicación de obra nueva.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>Perú está migrando de un modelo centrado en la construcción de nueva infraestructura hacia uno que también prioriza la conservación y operación eficiente de activos existentes mediante APP.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Esta tendencia se profundiza con la perspectiva de que ProInversión adjudique un paquete de conservación de 5.000 kilómetros de carreteras para convertirlas en APP de operación y mantenimiento, de acuerdo con información de Revista Internacional Construir y Gestión, con horizonte de 2026 en adelante. Para los operadores viales internacionales, este pipeline representa una oportunidad de entrada al mercado peruano sin la complejidad de la construcción greenfield.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Verónica Zambrano completa el triángulo institucional desde la regulación. Designada como presidenta del Consejo Directivo de Ositrán mediante la Resolución Suprema Nº 060-2023-PCM, Zambrano lidera el organismo supervisor que vigila el cumplimiento de los contratos de concesión en infraestructura de transporte. Su mandato de cinco años, que se extiende hasta 2027, proporciona continuidad regulatoria en un contexto político peruano históricamente volátil.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>La combinación de una estructuradora con experiencia ministerial como Lazarte y una reguladora con mandato estable como Zambrano genera un entorno institucional más predecible para los inversionistas privados. Los participantes del GRI Institute que evalúan oportunidades en el mercado peruano encuentran en estos perfiles puntos de referencia concretos para comprender la arquitectura de toma de decisiones del sector.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>¿Qué señala la ampliación de competencias de Tania Carro Toledo para la infraestructura en México?\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>El caso mexicano aporta una tercera dimensión al análisis regional. El Acuerdo administrativo publicado en el Diario Oficial de la Federación el 8 de mayo de 2025 delegó nuevas atribuciones a la Subsecretaría de Comunicaciones y Transportes, liderada por Tania Carro Toledo. Las nuevas competencias abarcan infraestructura urbana, transporte público y manejo de residuos sólidos, derivadas de las reformas a la Ley Orgánica de la Administración Pública Federal de noviembre de 2024.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Esta ampliación de funciones es significativa porque consolida en una sola subsecretaría capacidades que antes estaban dispersas en distintas dependencias. Para el sector privado de infraestructura, la concentración de competencias en torno a Carro Toledo simplifica la interlocución institucional y potencialmente acelera los procesos de estructuración de proyectos urbanos.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong>La tendencia latinoamericana apunta a consolidar funciones estructuradoras en liderazgos técnicos con capacidad de articular transporte, desarrollo urbano y sostenibilidad en una misma agenda.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>La presencia de mujeres en posiciones estratégicas de estructuración y regulación de infraestructura en la región andina y México constituye un rasgo distintivo del ciclo actual. Lazarte, Zambrano y Carro Toledo ocupan espacios que históricamente estuvieron dominados por perfiles masculinos, y lo hacen en roles con incidencia directa sobre carteras de inversión de miles de millones de dólares.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Ch2>Dos modelos, una misma necesidad de capital privado\u003C\u002Fh2>\n\u003Cp>El contraste entre Antioquia y Perú revela dos aproximaciones complementarias a la estructuración de infraestructura. En Medellín, la empresa pública actúa como estructuradora directa, integrando transporte y desarrollo inmobiliario bajo un mismo paraguas institucional. En Lima, el Estado estructura mediante agencias especializadas como ProInversión y regula a través de Ositrán, delegando la ejecución y operación al sector privado mediante APP.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Ambos modelos comparten una necesidad fundamental: capital privado dispuesto a asumir horizontes de inversión largos en contextos institucionales que aún maduran. Los contratistas, operadores y fondos de infraestructura que participan en los encuentros y análisis del GRI Institute reconocen que comprender los perfiles de los estructuradores individuales es tan importante como analizar los marcos regulatorios. Las decisiones de inversión en infraestructura latinoamericana se toman, en última instancia, en la intersección entre política pública, capacidad técnica y relaciones institucionales.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>El próximo ciclo de infraestructura en la región andina y Colombia estará marcado por la capacidad de estos liderazgos para cerrar la brecha entre las carteras de proyectos anunciadas y la ejecución efectiva. Para Elejalde, el desafío es financiero: resolver la deuda de la Nación con el Metro de Medellín y avanzar con el plan de desarrollo urbano. Para Lazarte y Zambrano, el reto es institucional: mantener la credibilidad del modelo peruano de APP en un entorno político cambiante. Para Carro Toledo, la prueba será operativa: demostrar que la concentración de competencias se traduce en proyectos estructurados y adjudicados.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>El GRI Institute continuará monitoreando la evolución de estos modelos de estructuración a través de sus encuentros sectoriales y publicaciones de análisis, proporcionando a sus miembros acceso directo a los actores que definen las reglas del juego en la infraestructura latinoamericana.\u003C\u002Fp>\n","El artículo analiza cómo cuatro líderes técnicos definen el nuevo ciclo de infraestructura en América Latina. Tomás Elejalde transforma el Metro de Medellín en estructurador urbano; Paola Lazarte y Verónica Zambrano fortalecen el ecosistema peruano de APP desde la estructuración y la regulación; y Tania Carro Toledo concentra competencias de transporte y desarrollo urbano en México.\n\nAmbos modelos —empresa pública integradora en Antioquia y agencias especializadas en Perú— requieren capital privado de largo plazo. El éxito del ciclo dependerá de resolver desafíos financieros, institucionales y operativos específicos de cada contexto.","\u003Cul>\n\u003Cli>El Metro de Medellín, bajo Tomás Elejalde, funciona como plataforma de desarrollo urbano integral con 40 proyectos inmobiliarios y horizonte a 2050, pero enfrenta una deuda nacional de más de $400.000 millones de pesos.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Perú migra hacia APP de operación y mantenimiento de activos existentes, con un paquete proyectado de 5.000 km de carreteras desde 2026.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Paola Lazarte impulsó una cartera de APP por casi US$ 4.000 millones desde el MTC peruano.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>La consolidación de funciones en la Subsecretaría de Tania Carro Toledo en México simplifica la interlocución para el sector privado.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003Cli>Mujeres lideran posiciones estratégicas de estructuración y regulación en la región andina y México.\u003C\u002Fli>\n\u003C\u002Ful>\n","Elejalde, Lazarte y el ciclo de infraestructura andino","tomas elejalde, paola lazarte, tania carro toledo, veronica zambrano","Análisis estratégico de los estructuradores que definen la infraestructura en Antioquia y Perú: Tomás Elejalde, Paola Lazarte, Verónica Zambrano y Tania Carro Toledo. Modelos de APP, empresas públicas y liderazgo sectorial en América Latina.",{"code":23},{"id":5,"color":7,"translations":1491},[1492,1494,1496],{"title":6,"slug":11,"language":1493},{"code":13},{"title":15,"slug":16,"language":1495},{"code":18},{"title":20,"slug":21,"language":1497},{"code":23},[1499,1507,1515,1523],{"id":343,"label":344,"translations":1500},[1501,1503,1505],{"label":344,"slug":355,"language":1502},{"code":13},{"label":358,"slug":359,"language":1504},{"code":18},{"label":362,"slug":363,"language":1506},{"code":23},{"id":366,"label":367,"translations":1508},[1509,1511,1513],{"label":367,"slug":378,"language":1510},{"code":13},{"label":381,"slug":382,"language":1512},{"code":18},{"label":385,"slug":386,"language":1514},{"code":23},{"id":521,"label":522,"translations":1516},[1517,1519,1521],{"label":522,"slug":533,"language":1518},{"code":13},{"label":536,"slug":537,"language":1520},{"code":18},{"label":540,"slug":541,"language":1522},{"code":23},{"id":544,"label":545,"translations":1524},[1525,1527,1529],{"label":545,"slug":556,"language":1526},{"code":13},{"label":559,"slug":560,"language":1528},{"code":18},{"label":563,"slug":564,"language":1530},{"code":23},[1532,1534,1536,1539,1541],{"name":604,"enName":604,"ptName":604,"iso2":1533},"AR",{"name":727,"enName":727,"ptName":727,"iso2":1535},"CL",{"name":740,"enName":740,"ptName":1537,"iso2":1538},"Colômbia","CO",{"name":1074,"enName":1074,"ptName":1074,"iso2":1540},"MX",{"name":1182,"enName":1182,"ptName":1182,"iso2":1542},"PE",[1544],{"name":1545,"slug":1546,"image":8,"order":632},"GRI Institute","gri-institute",{"en":1548,"pt-BR":1549,"es":1550},"\u002Finfrastructure\u002Festructuradores-infraestructura-antioquia-peru-elejalde-lazarte-zambrano","\u002Finfraestrutura\u002Festructuradores-infraestructura-antioquia-peru-elejalde-lazarte-zambrano","\u002Finfraestructura\u002Festructuradores-infraestructura-antioquia-peru-elejalde-lazarte-zambrano",[1552,1553,1554,1555,1556,1557],"Infra Brazil","Infra Latam","Real Estate Brazil","Real Estate Europe","Real Estate India","Real Estate Latam"]